Adjacent Words

Without definitions

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Webster's 1828 Dictionary

WITHOUT, prep.
1. Not with; as without success.
2. In a state of destitution or absence from.
There is no living with thee nor without thee.
3. In a state of destitution or absence from.
There is no living with thee nor without thee.
4. Beyond; not within.
Eternity, before the world and after, is without our reach.
5. Supposing the negation or omission of.
Without the separation of the two monarchies, the most advantageous terms from the French must end in our destruction.
6. Independent of; not by the use of. Men like to live without labor.
Wise men will do it without a law.
7. On the outside of; as without the gate; without doors.
8. With exemption from. That event cannot happen without great damage to our interests.
9. Unless; except.
Without, when it precedes a sentence or member of a sentence, has been called a conjunction. This is a mistake. You will not enjoy health, without you use much exercise. In this sentence, without is a preposition still, but followed by a member of a sentence, instead of a single noun. It has no property of a connective or conjunction, and does not fall within the definition. You will not enjoy health, this fact following being removed, or not taking place; you use exercise. This use of without, is nearly superseded by unless and except, among good writers and speakers; but is common in popular discourse or parlance.
WITHOUT, adv.
1. Not on the inside; not within.
These were from without the growing miseries.
2. Out of doors.
3. Externally; not in the mind.
Without were fightings, within were fears. 2 Corinthians 7.

Merriam Webster's

I. preposition Etymology: Middle English withoute, from Old English with?tan, from with + ?tan outside, from ?t out — more at out Date: before 12th century 1. outside 2. — used as a function word to indicate the absence or lack of something or someone <fight without fear> <left without him> <looks without seeing> II. adverb Date: before 12th century 1. on the outside ; externally 2. with something lacking or absent <has learned to do without> III. conjunction Date: 14th century chiefly dialect unless <you don't know about me without you have read a book — Mark Twain> IV. noun Date: 15th century an outer place or area <came from without>

Oxford Reference Dictionary

prep. & adv. --prep. 1 not having, feeling, or showing (came without any money; without hesitation; without any emotion). 2 with freedom from (without fear; without embarrassment). 3 in the absence of (cannot live without you; the train left without us). 4 with neglect or avoidance of (do not leave without telling me). Usage: Use as a conj., as in do not leave without you tell me, is non-standard. 5 archaic outside (without the city wall). --adv. archaic or literary 1 outside (seen from without). 2 out of doors (remained shivering without). 3 in outward appearance (rough without but kind within). 4 outside the city walls (Bishopsgate without). Phrases and idioms: without end infinite, eternal. Etymology: OE withutan (as WITH, utan from outside, formed as OUT)

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Without With*out", conj. Unless; except; -- introducing a clause. You will never live to my age without you keep yourselves in breath with exercise, and in heart with joyfulness. --Sir P. Sidney. Note: Now rarely used by good writers or speakers.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Without With*out", prep. [OE. withoute, withouten, AS. wi[eth]?tan; wi[eth] with, against, toward + ?tan outside, fr. ?t out. See With, prep., Out.] 1. On or at the outside of; out of; not within; as, without doors. Without the gate Some drive the cars, and some the coursers rein. --Dryden. 2. Out of the limits of; out of reach of; beyond. Eternity, before the world and after, is without our reach. --T. Burnet. 3. Not with; otherwise than with; in absence of, separation from, or destitution of; not with use or employment of; independently of; exclusively of; with omission; as, without labor; without damage. I wolde it do withouten negligence. --Chaucer. Wise men will do it without a law. --Bacon. Without the separation of the two monarchies, the most advantageous terms . . . must end in our destruction. --Addison. There is no living with thee nor without thee. --Tatler. To do without. See under Do. Without day [a translation of L. sine die], without the appointment of a day to appear or assemble again; finally; as, the Fortieth Congress then adjourned without day. Without recourse. See under Recourse.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Without With*out", adv. 1. On or art the outside; not on the inside; not within; outwardly; externally. Without were fightings, within were fears. --2 Cor. vii. 5. 2. Outside of the house; out of doors. The people came unto the house without. --Chaucer.

Collin's Cobuild Dictionary

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English. Note: In addition to the uses shown below, 'without' is used in the phrasal verbs 'do without', 'go without', and 'reckon without'. 1. You use without to indicate that someone or something does not have or use the thing mentioned. I don't like myself without a beard... She wore a brown shirt pressed without a wrinkle. ? with PREP 2. If one thing happens without another thing, or if you do something without doing something else, the second thing does not happen or occur. He was offered a generous pension provided he left without a fuss... They worked without a break until about eight in the evening... Alex had done this without consulting her. PREP: PREP n/-ing 3. If you do something without a particular feeling, you do not have that feeling when you do it. Janet Magnusson watched his approach without enthusiasm... 'Hello, Swanson,' he said without surprise. ? with PREP 4. If you do something without someone else, they are not in the same place as you are or are not involved in the same action as you. I told Franklin he would have to start dinner without me... How can I rebuild my life without my husband?... ? with PREP

Soule's Dictionary of English Synonyms

prep. 1. Out of, on the outside of, outside of. 2. In the absence of, independently of, exclusively of. 3. Destitute of, lacking. 4. Free from or of, unburdened or unharmed by.

Moby Thesaurus

after, apparently, aside from, bar, barring, beside, besides, but, discounting, empty of, ex, except, except for, excepting, exception taken of, excluding, exclusive of, exteriorly, externally, free of, from, lacking, leaving out, less, let alone, minus, not counting, off, omitting, on the outside, on the surface, open, open air, openly, out, out of doors, out-of-doors, outside, outside of, outwardly, outwards, past, precluding, publically, sans, save, save and except, saving, superficially, than, to all appearances, unless, void of, wanting