Adjacent Words

Uzbekistan definitions

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Flag of Uzbekistan

CIA World Factbook, 2008

Background
Russia conquered Uzbekistan in the late 19th century. Stiff resistance to the Red Army after World War I was eventually suppressed and a socialist republic set up in 1924. During the Soviet era, intensive production of "white gold" (cotton) and grain led to overuse of agrochemicals and the depletion of water supplies, which have left the land poisoned and the Aral Sea and certain rivers half dry. Independent since 1991, the country seeks to gradually lessen its dependence on agriculture while developing its mineral and petroleum reserves. Current concerns include terrorism by Islamic militants, economic stagnation, and the curtailment of human rights and democratization.

Location
total: 447,400 sq km land: 425,400 sq km water: 22,000 sq km

Area - comparative
total: 6,221 km border countries: Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km

Coastline
lowest point: Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m

Natural resources
arable land: 10.51% permanent crops: 0.76% other: 88.73% (2005)

Irrigated land
Total: 58.34 cu km/yr (5%/2%/93%) Per capita: 2,194 cu m/yr (2000)

Natural hazards
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography - note
0-14 years: 32.4% (male 4,587,338/female 4,416,014) 15-64 years: 62.8% (male 8,636,226/female 8,817,633) 65 years and over: 4.8% (male 543,417/female 779,431) (2007 est.)

Median age
total: 22.9 years male: 22.3 years female: 23.5 years (2007 est.)

Population growth rate
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.039 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.979 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.697 male(s)/female total population: 0.982 male(s)/female (2007 est.)

Infant mortality rate
total: 68.89 deaths/1,000 live births male: 73.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 64.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
total population: 64.98 years male: 61.57 years female: 68.56 years (2007 est.)

Total fertility rate
noun: Uzbekistani adjective: Uzbekistani

Ethnic groups
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.3% male: 99.6% female: 99% (2003 est.)

Country name
conventional long form: Republic of Uzbekistan conventional short form: Uzbekistan local long form: Ozbekiston Respublikasi local short form: Ozbekiston former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic

Government type
name: Tashkent (Toshkent) geographic coordinates: 41 20 N, 69 18 E time difference: UTC+5 (10 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)

Independence
chief of state: President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 March 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet) head of government: Prime Minister Shavkat MIRZIYAYEV (since 11 December 2003) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term; previously was a five-year term, extended by constitutional amendment in 2002); election last held 23 December 2007 (next to be held in 2014); prime minister, ministers, and deputy ministers appointed by the president election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 88.1%, Aslidden RUSTAMOV 3.2%, Dilorom TASHMUKHAMEDOVA 2.9%, Akmal SAIDOV 2.6%

Legislative branch
elections: last held 26 December 2004 and 9 January 2005 (next to be held December 2009) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Legislative Chamber - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - LDPU 41, NDP 32, Fidokorlar 17, MTP 11, Adolat 9, unaffiliated 10 note: all parties in the Supreme Assembly support President KARIMOV

Judicial branch
chief of mission: Ambassador Abdulaziz KAMILOV chancery: 1746 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 887-5300 FAX: [1] (202) 293-6804 consulate(s) general: New York

Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Richard B. NORLAND embassy: 3 Moyqo'rq'on, 5th Block, Yunusobod District, Tashkent 100093 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [998] (71) 120-5450 FAX: [998] (71) 120-6335

Flag description
agriculture: 27.3% industry: 30.3% services: 42.4% (2007 est.)

Labor force
agriculture: 44% industry: 20% services: 36% (1995)

Unemployment rate
lowest 10%: 2.8% highest 10%: 29.6% (2003)

Distribution of family income - Gini index
revenues: $6.584 billion expenditures: $6.652 billion (2007 est.)

Public debt
general assessment: antiquated and inadequate; in serious need of modernization domestic: the main line telecommunications system is dilapidated; the state-owned telecom company, Uzbektelecom, is using a US$110 million loan from the Japanese government to improve main line services; mobile services are growing swiftly, with the subscriber base doubling in 2005 to 1.1 million; there are 6 main cellular providers currently in operation international: country code - 998; linked by landline or microwave radio relay with CIS member states and to other countries by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch; after the completion of the Uzbek link to the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic cable, Uzbekistan will be independent of Russian facilities for international communications (2006)

Radio broadcast stations
total: 33 over 3,047 m: 6 2,438 to 3,047 m: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 4 (2007)

Airports - with unpaved runways
total: 21 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 under 914 m: 19 (2007)

Pipelines
total: 3,950 km broad gauge: 3,950 km 1.520-m gauge (620 km electrified) (2006)

Roadways
total: 81,600 km paved: 71,237 km unpaved: 10,363 km (1999)

Waterways
males age 18-49: 6,340,220 females age 18-49: 6,432,072 (2005 est.)

Manpower fit for military service
males age 18-49: 4,609,621 females age 18-49: 5,383,233 (2005 est.)

Manpower reaching military service age annually
males age 18-49: 324,722 females age 18-49: 317,062 (2005 est.)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP
refugees (country of origin): 39,202 (Tajikistan) IDPs: 3,400 (forced population transfers by government from villages near Tajikistan border) (2006)

Trafficking in persons
current situation: Uzbekistan is a source and, to a lesser extent, a transit country for women trafficked to Asia and the Middle East for the purpose of sexual exploitation; women from other Central Asian countries and China are trafficked through Uzbekistan; men are trafficked for purposes of forced labor in the construction and agricultural industries to Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan; men and women are also trafficked within the country tier rating: Tier 3 - Uzbekistan is placed on Tier 3 because it failed to fulfill commitments by the country to take additional steps during 2005, including the adoption of comprehensive anti-trafficking legislation, criminal code amendments to raise trafficking penalties, support to the country's first trafficking shelter, and approval of a national action plan

Illicit drugs
transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and small amounts of opium poppy for domestic consumption; poppy cultivation almost wiped out by government crop eradication program; transit point for heroin precursor chemicals bound for Afghanistan

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2005)

n
1: a landlocked republic in west central Asia; formerly an Asian soviet [syn: Uzbekistan, Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbek]

Merriam Webster's

geographical name country W central Asia E of the Amu Dar'ya; a constituent republic ( Uzbek Republic ) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1924-91 capital Tashkent area 173,591 square miles (449,601 square kilometers), population 21,179,000