Adjacent Words

Type definitions

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Webster's 1828 Dictionary

TYPE, n. [L. typus; Gr. from the root of tap; to beat, strike, impress.]
1. The mark of something; an emblem; that which represents something else.
Thy emblem, gracious queen, the British rose,
Type of sweet rule and gentle majesty.
2. A sign; a symbol; a figure of something to come; as, Abraham's sacrifice and the paschal lamb, were types of Christ. To this word is opposed antitype. Christ, in this case, is the antitype.
3. A model or form of a letter in metal or other hard material; used in printing.
4. In medicine, the form or character of a disease, in regard to the intension and remission of fevers, pulses, etc.; the regular progress of a fever.
5. In natural history, a general form, such as is common to the species of a genus, or the individuals of a species.
6. A stamp or mark.
TYPE, v.t. To prefigure; to represent by a model or symbol beforehand. [Little used.]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2005)

n
1: a subdivision of a particular kind of thing; "what type of sculpture do you prefer?" [ant: antitype]
2: a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities); "a real character"; "a strange character"; "a friendly eccentric"; "the capable type"; "a mental case" [syn: character, eccentric, type, case]
3: (biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
4: printed characters; "small type is hard to read"
5: all of the tokens of the same symbol; "the word `element' contains five different types of character"
6: a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper; "he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up" v
1: write by means of a keyboard with types; "type the acceptance letter, please" [syn: type, typewrite]
2: identify as belonging to a certain type; "Such people can practically be typed" [syn: type, typecast]

Merriam Webster's

I. noun Usage: often attributive Etymology: Middle English, from Late Latin typus, from Latin & Greek; Latin typus image, from Greek typos blow, impression, model, from typtein to strike, beat; akin to Sanskrit tupati he injures and probably to Latin stup?re to be benumbed Date: 15th century 1. a. a person or thing (as in the Old Testament) believed to foreshadow another (as in the New Testament) b. one having qualities of a higher category ; model c. a lower taxonomic category selected as a standard of reference for a higher category; also a specimen or series of specimens on which a taxonomic species or subspecies is actually based 2. a distinctive mark or sign 3. a. (1) a rectangular block usually of metal bearing a relief character from which an inked print can be made (2) a collection of such blocks <a font of type> (3) alphanumeric characters for printing <the type for this book has been photoset> b. typeface <italic type> c. printed letters d. matter set in type 4. a. qualities common to a number of individuals that distinguish them as an identifiable class: as (1) the morphological, physiological, or ecological characters by which relationship between organisms may be recognized (2) the form common to all instances of a linguistic element b. a typical and often superior specimen c. a member of an indicated class or variety of people <the guests were mostly urban types — Lucy Cook> d. a particular kind, class, or group <oranges of the seedless type> <leaders of the new type…did England yeoman's service — G. M. Trevelyan> e. something distinguishable as a variety ; sort <what type of food do you like?> Synonyms: type, kind, sort, nature, description, character mean a number of individuals thought of as a group because of a common quality or qualities. type may suggest strong and clearly marked similarity throughout the items included so that each is typical of the group <one of three basic body types>. kind may suggest natural grouping <a zoo seemingly having animals of every kind>. sort often suggests some disparagement <the sort of newspaper dealing in sensational stories>. nature may imply inherent, essential resemblance rather than obvious or superficial likenesses <two problems of a similar nature>. description implies a group marked by agreement in all details belonging to a type as described or defined <not all acts of that description are actually illegal>. character implies a group marked by distinctive likenesses peculiar to the type <research on the subject so far has been of an elementary character>. II. verb (typed; typing) Date: 1596 transitive verb 1. to represent beforehand as a type ; prefigure 2. a. to produce a copy of b. to represent in terms of typical characteristics ; typify 3. to produce (as a character or document) using a keyboard (as on a typewriter or computer); also keyboard 4. to identify as belonging to a type: as a. to determine the natural type of (as a blood sample) b. typecast intransitive verb to write something on a typewriter or enter data into a computer by way of a keyboard • typeable adjective

Oxford Reference Dictionary

n. & v. --n. 1 a a class of things or persons having common characteristics. b a kind or sort (would like a different type of car). 2 a person, thing, or event serving as an illustration, symbol, or characteristic specimen of another, or of a class. 3 (in comb.) made of, resembling, or functioning as (ceramic-type material; Cheddar-type cheese). 4 colloq. a person, esp. of a specified character (is rather a quiet type; is not really my type). 5 an object, conception, or work of art serving as a model for subsequent artists. 6 Printing a a piece of metal etc. with a raised letter or character on its upper surface for use in printing. b a kind or size of such pieces (printed in large type). c a set or supply of these (ran short of type). 7 a device on either side of a medal or coin. 8 Theol. a foreshadowing in the Old Testament of a person or event of the Christian dispensation. 9 Biol. an organism having or chosen as having the essential characteristics of its group and giving its name to the next highest group. --v. 1 tr. be a type or example of. 2 tr. & intr. write with a typewriter. 3 tr. esp. Biol. & Med. assign to a type; classify. 4 tr. = TYPECAST. Phrases and idioms: in type Printing composed and ready for printing. type-founder a designer and maker of metal types. type-foundry a foundry where type is made. type-metal Printing an alloy of lead etc., used for casting printing-types. type site Archaeol. a site where objects regarded as defining the characteristics of a period etc. are found. type specimen Biol. the specimen used for naming and describing a new species. Derivatives: typal adj. Etymology: ME f. F type or L typus f. Gk tupos impression, figure, type, f. tupto strike

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Type Type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Typed; p. pr. & vb. n. Typing.] 1. To represent by a type, model, or symbol beforehand; to prefigure. [R.] --White (Johnson). 2. To furnish an expression or copy of; to represent; to typify. [R.] Let us type them now in our own lives. --Tennyson.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Type Type, n. [F. type; cf. It. tipo, from L. typus a figure, image, a form, type, character, Gr. ? the mark of a blow, impression, form of character, model, from the root of ? to beat, strike; cf. Skr. tup to hurt.] 1. The mark or impression of something; stamp; impressed sign; emblem. The faith they have in tennis, and tall stockings, Short blistered breeches, and those types of travel. --Shak. 2. Form or character impressed; style; semblance. Thy father bears the type of king of Naples. --Shak. 3. A figure or representation of something to come; a token; a sign; a symbol; -- correlative to antitype. A type is no longer a type when the thing typified comes to be actually exhibited. --South. 4. That which possesses or exemplifies characteristic qualities; the representative. Specifically: (a) (Biol.) A general form or structure common to a number of individuals; hence, the ideal representation of a species, genus, or other group, combining the essential characteristics; an animal or plant possessing or exemplifying the essential characteristics of a species, genus, or other group. Also, a group or division of animals having a certain typical or characteristic structure of body maintained within the group. Since the time of Cuvier and Baer . . . the whole animal kingdom has been universally held to be divisible into a small number of main divisions or types. --Haeckel. (b) (Fine Arts) The original object, or class of objects, scene, face, or conception, which becomes the subject of a copy; esp., the design on the face of a medal or a coin. (c) (Chem.) A simple compound, used as a mode or pattern to which other compounds are conveniently regarded as being related, and from which they may be actually or theoretically derived. Note: The fundamental types used to express the simplest and most essential chemical relations are hydrochloric acid, HCl; water, H2O; ammonia, NH3; and methane, CH4. 5. (Typog.) (a) A raised letter, figure, accent, or other character, cast in metal or cut in wood, used in printing. (b) Such letters or characters, in general, or the whole quantity of them used in printing, spoken of collectively; any number or mass of such letters or characters, however disposed. Note: Type are mostly made by casting type metal in a mold, though some of the larger sizes are made from maple, mahogany, or boxwood. In the cut, a is the body; b, the face, or part from which the impression is taken; c, the shoulder, or top of the body; d, the nick (sometimes two or more are made), designed to assist the compositor in distinguishing the bottom of the face from the top; e, the groove made in the process of finishing, -- each type as cast having attached to the bottom of the body a jet, or small piece of metal (formed by the surplus metal poured into the mold), which, when broken off, leaves a roughness that requires to be removed. The fine lines at the top and bottom of a letter are technically called ceriphs, and when part of the face projects over the body, as in the letter f, the projection is called a kern. The type which compose an ordinary book font consist of Roman CAPITALS, small capitals, and lower-case letters, and Italic CAPITALS and lower-case letters, with accompanying figures, points, and reference marks, -- in all about two hundred characters. Including the various modern styles of fancy type, some three or four hundred varieties of face are made. Besides the ordinary Roman and Italic, some of the most important of the varieties are -- Old English. Black Letter. Old Style. French Elzevir. Boldface. Antique. Clarendon. Gothic. Typewriter. Script. The smallest body in common use is diamond; then follow in order of size, pearl, agate, nonpareil, minion, brevier, bourgeois (or two-line diamond), long primer (or two-line pearl), small pica (or two-line agate), pica (or two-line nonpareil), English (or two-line minion), Columbian (or two-line brevier), great primer (two-line bourgeois), paragon (or two-line long primer), double small pica (or two-line small pica), double pica (or two-line pica), double English (or two-line English), double great primer (or two-line great primer), double paragon (or two-line paragon), canon (or two-line double pica). Above this, the sizes are called five-line pica, six-line pica, seven-line pica, and so on, being made mostly of wood. The following alphabets show the different sizes up to great primer. Brilliant . . abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

Collin's Cobuild Dictionary

I. SORT OR KIND (types) Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English. 1. A type of something is a group of those things that have particular features in common. There are various types of the disease... In 1990, 25% of households were of this type. = sort, kind N-COUNT: usu with supp, oft N of n 2. If you refer to a particular thing or person as a type of something more general, you are considering that thing or person as an example of that more general group. Have you done this type of work before?... Rates of interest for this type of borrowing can be high... I am a very determined type of person. = sort, kind N-COUNT: with supp, usu N of n 3. If you refer to a person as a particular type, you mean that they have that particular appearance, character, or way of behaving. It's the first time I, a fair-skinned, freckly type, have sailed in the sun without burning... = sort N-COUNT: usu supp N 4. If you say that someone is not your type, you mean that they are not the sort of person who you usually find attractive. (INFORMAL) At first I thought he was rather ordinary looking, a little chubby, not my type... PHRASE: v-link PHR 5. see also blood type II. WRITING AND PRINTING (types, typing, typed) Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English. 1. If you type something, you use a typewriter or word processor to write it. I can type your essays for you... I had never really learnt to type properly... The letter consists of six closely typed pages. VERB: V n, V, V-ed 2. Type is printed text as it appears in a book or newspaper, or the small pieces of metal that are used to create this. The correction had already been set in type. 3. see also typing

Easton's Bible Dictionary

occurs only once in Scripture (1 Cor. 10:11, A.V. marg.). The Greek word _tupos_ is rendered "print" (John 20:25), "figure" (Acts 7:43; Rom. 5:14), "fashion" (Acts 7:44), "manner" (Acts 23:25), "form" (Rom. 6:17), "example" or "ensample" (1 Cor. 10:6, 11; Phil. 3:17; 1 Thess. 1:7; 2 Thess. 3:9; 1 Tim. 4:12). It properly means a "model" or "pattern" or "mould" into which clay or wax was pressed, that it might take the figure or exact shape of the mould. The word "type" is generally used to denote a resemblance between something present and something future, which is called the "antitype."

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

tip:

1. Definition of Type

2. Distinctive Features

3. Classification of Types

4. How Much of the Old Testament Is Typical?

LITERATURE

The Bible furnishes abundant evidence of the presence of types and of typical instruction in the Sacred Word. The New Testament attests this fact. It takes up a large number of persons and things and events of former dispensations, and it treats them as adumbrations and prophecies of the future. A generation ago a widespread interest in the study of typology prevailed; latterly the interest has largely subsided, chiefly because of the vagaries and extravagances which attended its treatment on the part of not a few writers. Pressing the typical teaching of Scripture so far as to imperil the historical validity of God's word is both dangerous and certain to be followed by reaction and neglect of the subject.

1. Definition of Type:

The word "type" is derived from a Greek term tupos, which occurs 16 times in the New Testament. It is variously translated in the King James Version, e.g. twice "print" (Joh 20:25); twice "figure" (Ac 7:43; Ro 5:14); twice "pattern" (Tit 2:7; Heb 8:5); once "fashion" (Ac 7:44); once "manner" (Ac 23:25); once "form" (Ro 6:17); and 7 t example" (1Co 10:6,11; Php 3:17; 1Th 1:7; 2Th 3:9; 1Ti 4:12; 1Pe 5:3). It is clear from these texts that the New Testament writers use the word "type" with some degree of latitude; yet one general idea is common to all, namely, "likeness." A person, event or thing is so fashioned or appointed as to resemble another; the one is made to answer to the other in some essential feature; in some particulars the one matches the other. The two are called type and antitype; and the link which binds them together is the correspondence, the similarity, of the one with the other.

Three other words in the New Testament express the same general idea. One is "shadow" (skia, Heb 10:1), "For the law having a shadow of the good things to come"--as if the substance or reality that was still future cast its shadow backward into the old economy. "Shadow" implies dimness and transitoriness; but it also implies a measure of resemblance between the one and the other.

The 2nd term is "parable" (parabole, Heb 9:9); the tabernacle with its services was an acted parable for the time then present, adumbrating thus the blessed reality which was to come.

The 3rd term is "copy." or "pattern" (hupodeigma), a word that denotes a sketch or draft of something future. invisible (Heb 9:23); the tabernacle and its furniture and services were copies, outlines of heavenly things.

Types are pictures, object-lessons, by which God taught His people concerning His grace and saving power. The Mosaic system was a sort of kindergarten in which God's people were trained in divine things, by which also they were led to look for better things to come. An old writer thus expresses it: "God in the types of the last dispensation was teaching His children their letters. In this dispensation He is teaching them to put the letters together, and they find that the letters, arrange them as they will, spell Christ, and nothing but Christ."

In creation the Lord uses one thing for many purposes. One simple instrument meets many ends. For how many ends does water serve! And the atmosphere: it supplies the lungs, conveys sound, diffuses odors, drives ships, supports fire, gives rain, fulfills besides one knows not how many other purposes. And God's Word is like His work, is His work, and, like creation, is inexhaustible. Whatever God touches, be it a mighty sun or an insect's wing, a vast prophecy or a little type, He perfects for the place and the purpose He has in mind.

2. Distinctive Features:

What are the distinctive features of a type? A type, to be such in reality, must possess three well-defined qualities.

(1) It must be a true picture of the person or the thing it represents or prefigures. A type is a draft or sketch of some well-defined feature of redemption, and therefore it must in some distinct way resemble its antitype, e.g. Aaron as high priest is a rough figure of Christ the Great High Priest, and the Day of Atonement in Israel (Le 16) must be a true picture of the atoning work of Christ.

(2) The type must be of divine appointment. In its institution it is designed to bear a likeness to the antitype. Both type and antitype are preordained as constituent parts of the scheme of redemption. As centuries sometimes lie between the type and its accomplishment in the antitype, of course infinite wisdom alone can ordain the one to be the picture of the other. Only God can make types.

(3) A type always prefigures something future. A Scriptural type and predictive prophecy are in substance the same, differing only in form. This fact distinguishes between a symbol and a type. A symbol may represent a thing of the present or of the past as well as of the future, e.g. the symbols in the Lord's Supper. A type always looks to the future; an element of prediction must necessarily be in it.

3. Classification of Types:

Another thing in the study of types should be borne in mind, namely, that a thing in itself evil cannot be the type of what is good and pure. It is somewhat difficult to give a satisfactory classification of Biblical types, but broadly they may be distributed under three heads:

(1) Personal types, by which are meant those personages of Scripture whose lives and experiences illustrate some principle or truth of redemption. Such are Adam, who is expressly described as the "figure of him that was to come" (Ro 5:14), Melchizedek, Abraham, Aaron, Joseph, Jonah, etc.

(2) Historical types, in which are included the great historical events that under Providence became striking foreshadowings of good things to come, e.g. the Deliverance from the Bondage of Egypt; the Wilderness Journey; the Conquest of Canaan; the Call of Abraham; Deliverances by the Judges, etc.

(3) Ritual types, such as the Altar, the Offerings, the Priesthood, the Tabernacle and its furniture. There are typical persons, places, times, things, actions, in the Old Testament, and a reverent study of them leads into a thorough acquaintance with the fullness and the blessedness of the word of God.

4. How Much of the Old Testament Is Typical?:

How much of the Old Testament is to be regarded as typical is a question not easily answered. Two extremes, however, should be avoided. First, The extravagance of some of the early Fathers, as Origen, Ambrose, Jerome (revived in our time by Andrew Jukes and his imitators). They sought for types, and of course found them, in every incident and event, however trivial, recorded in Scripture. Even the most simple and commonplace circumstance was thought to conceal within itself the most recondite truth. Mystery and mysticism were seen everywhere, in the cords and pins of the tabernacle, in the yield of herds, in the death of one, in the marriage of another, even in the number of fish caught by the disciples on the night the risen Saviour appeared to them--how much some have tried to make of that number, 153! The very serious objection to this method is, that it wrests Scripture out of the sphere of the natural and the historical and locates it in that of the arbitrary and the fanciful; it tends to destroy the validity and trustworthiness of the record.

Second, the undue contraction of the typical element. "Professor Moses Stuart expresses this view as follows: "Just so much of the Old Testament is to be accounted typical as the New Testament affirms to be so, and no more." This opinion assumes that the New Testament writers have exhausted the types of the Old Testament, while the fact is that those found in the later Scripture are but samples taken from the storehouse where many more are found. If they are not, then nothing is more arbitrary than the New Testament use of types, for there is nothing to distinguish them from a multitude of others of the same class. Further, the view assumes that divine authority alone can determine the reality and import of types--a view that applies with equal force against prophecy. This rule may be safely followed: wherever the three characteristics of types are found which have been already mentioned, there is the type.

Weighty are the words of one equally eminent for his piety as for his learning: "That the Old Testament is rich in types, or rather forms in its totality one type, of the New Testament, follows necessarily from the entirely unique position which belongs to Christ as the center of the history of the world and of revelation. As we constantly see the principle embodied in the vegetable and animal kingdoms, that the higher species are already typified in a lower stage of development, so do we find, in the domain of saving revelation, the highest not only prepared for, but also shadowed forth, by that which precedes in the lower spheres" (Van Oosterzee).

LITERATURE

P. Fairbairn, Typology of Scripture, 2 volumes; Angus, The Bible HandBook; Andrew Jukes, Law of Offerings in Leviticus; Mather, Gospel of Old Testament, Explanation of Types; McEwen, Grace and Truth: Types and Figures of the Old Testament; Soltau, Tabernacle, Priesthood and Offerings.

William G. Moorehead

Soule's Dictionary of English Synonyms

n. 1. Stamp, impressed sign, emblem, mark. 2. Emblem, symbol, sign, token, shadow, image, representation, adumbration. 3. Original, model, pattern, prototype, archetype, exemplar, protoplast. 4. Stamp, form, kind, sort. 5. Printing character. 6. Representative, aggregate of characteristic qualities.

Moby Thesaurus

Platonic form, Platonic idea, adumbration, aesthetic form, affinity, alien, allegory, alphabetize, analyze, animus, antetype, antitype, aptitude, archetype, area, arrange, art form, ascender, assort, augury, auspice, back, bag, barometer, bastard type, beard, belly, bent, betokening, betokenment, bevel, bias, biotype, black letter, blazon, blood, body, body-build, brand, break down, breed, build, canon, cap, capital, case, case in point, cast, catalog, categorize, category, character, characteristic, characteristics, charactery, check, chosen kind, cipher, clan, class, classic example, classification, classify, codify, color, complexion, composition, configuration, conformation, constituents, constitution, conventional symbol, copy, copy out, counter, crackpot, crank, crasis, criterion, cross section, cup of tea, cut, degree, demonstration, denomination, descender, description, designation, dharma, diathesis, digest, disposition, divide, draft, draw up, druthers, eccentric, eccentricity, edit, em, emblem, embodiment, en, enface, engross, epitome, ethos, example, exemplar, exemplification, explanation, exponent, face, fanatic, fancy, fashion, fat-faced type, favor, feather, feet, fiber, field, figuration, figure, file, font, foreshadow, foreshadowing, foreshowing, foretoken, foretokening, form, format, formation, forte, fount, frame, fugleman, fugler, gauge, genius, genotype, genre, genus, glosseme, grade, graduated scale, grain, groove, group, habit, hermit, hobo, hue, humor, humors, icon, iconology, ideogram, idiosyncrasy, ilk, illustration, imitatee, impression, inclination, index, indicant, indication, individualism, inner form, inscribe, instance, italic, keyboard, kidney, kin, kind, kook, label, layout, lead, leaning, letter, lexeme, lexical form, ligature, line, list, logogram, logotype, lone wolf, loner, long suit, lot, love knot, lower case, main interest, majuscule, make, make a recension, make out, makeup, manner, mark, matrix, maverick, measure, mental set, meshuggenah, metier, mettle, mind, mind-set, minuscule, mirror, modality, mode, model, mold, morpheme, natural, nature, nick, nonconformist, norm, number, nut, object lesson, odd fellow, oddball, oddity, omen, order, original, outsider, paradigm, parameter, pariah, partiality, particular choice, pattern, pen, pencil, personal choice, personification, persuasion, pet subject, phrase, phylum, physique, pi, pica, pictogram, pigeonhole, place, point, portent, precedent, predilection, predisposition, preference, prefiguration, preindication, prejudice, premonitory shiver, premonitory sign, premonitory symptom, prepossession, presignifying, print, proclivity, prognostic, prognostication, promise, propensity, property, prototype, pursuit, push the pen, put in writing, quality, quantity, queer duck, queer fish, queer specimen, quintessence, race, range, rank, rara avis, rate, reading, readout, recense, record, relevant instance, representation, representative, revise, rewrite, roman, rubric, rule, sample, sans serif, scale, screwball, scribe, script, scrive, scroll, semasiological unit, sememe, set, shadow, shank, shape, shoulder, sign, signifiant, significant, significant form, slant, small cap, small capital, solitary, somatotype, soothsay, sort, specialism, speciality, specialization, specialty, species, specimen, spill ink, spirit, spoil paper, stamp, standard, stem, strain, streak, stripe, strong point, structure, style, subdivide, suchness, superscribe, symbol, symbolic system, symbolism, symbolization, symbology, system, tabulate, taste, technicality, temper, temperament, tendency, tenor, term, test, the like of, the likes of, thing, token, tokening, tone, totem, totem pole, touchstone, trace, tramp, transcribe, tribe, turn, turn of mind, twist, type body, type class, type lice, type species, type specimen, typecase, typeface, typefounders, typefoundry, typical example, typification, upper case, urtext, value, variety, vein, vocation, warp, way, weakness, word, write, write down, write out, yardstick, zealot