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Webster's 1828 Dictionary

REDUND'ANT, a.
1. Superfluous; exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant; as a redundant quantity of bile or food.
Notwithstanding the redundant oil in fishes, they do not increase fat so much as flesh.
Redundant words, in writing or discourse, are such as are synonymous with others used, or such as add nothing to the sense or force of the expression.
2. Using more words or images than are necessary or useful.
Where an author is redundant, mark those paragraphs to be retrenched.
3. In music, a redundant chord is one which contains a greater number of tones, semitones or lesser intervals, than it does in its natural state, as from fa to sol sharp. It is called by some authors, a chord extremely sharp.

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2005)

adj
1: more than is needed, desired, or required; "trying to lose excess weight"; "found some extra change lying on the dresser"; "yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant"; "skills made redundant by technological advance"; "sleeping in the spare room"; "supernumerary ornamentation"; "it was supererogatory of her to gloat"; "delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words"; "extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts"; "surplus cheese distributed to the needy" [syn: excess, extra, redundant, spare, supererogatory, superfluous, supernumerary, surplus]
2: repetition of same sense in different words; "`a true fact' and `a free gift' are pleonastic expressions"; "the phrase `a beginner who has just started' is tautological"; "at the risk of being redundant I return to my original proposition"- J.B.Conant [syn: pleonastic, redundant, tautologic, tautological]

Merriam Webster's

adjective Etymology: Latin redundant-, redundans, present participle of redundare to overflow — more at redound Date: 1594 1. a. exceeding what is necessary or normal ; superfluous b. characterized by or containing an excess; specifically using more words than necessary c. characterized by similarity or repetition <a group of particularly redundant brick buildings> d. chiefly British no longer needed for a job and hence laid off 2. profuse, lavish 3. serving as a duplicate for preventing failure of an entire system (as a spacecraft) upon failure of a single component • redundantly adverb

Oxford Reference Dictionary

adj. 1 superfluous; not needed. 2 that can be omitted without any loss of significance. 3 (of a person) no longer needed at work and therefore unemployed. 4 Engin. & Computing (of a component) not needed but included in case of failure in another component. Derivatives: redundancy n. (pl. -ies). redundantly adv. Etymology: L redundare redundant- (as REDOUND)

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Redundant Re*dun"dant (-dant), a. [L. redundans, -antis, p. pr. of redundare: cf. F. redondant. See Redound.] 1. Exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant; as, a redundant quantity of bile or food. Notwithstanding the redundant oil in fishes, they do not increase fat so much as flesh. --Arbuthnot. 2. Using more worrds or images than are necessary or useful; pleonastic. Where an suthor is redundant, mark those paragraphs to be retrenched. --I. Watts. Syn: Superfluous; superabundant; excessive; exuberant; overflowing; plentiful; copious.

Collin's Cobuild Dictionary

1. If you are made redundant, your employer tells you to leave because your job is no longer necessary or because your employer cannot afford to keep paying you. (BRIT BUSINESS; in AM, use be dismissed) My husband was made redundant late last year. ...a redundant miner. ADJ 2. Something that is redundant is no longer needed because its job is being done by something else or because its job is no longer necessary or useful. Changes in technology may mean that once-valued skills are now redundant. ADJ: usu v-link ADJ

Soule's Dictionary of English Synonyms

a. 1. Excessive, superabundant, exuberant, superfluous, overflowing, plentiful, copious. 2. Diffuse.

Moby Thesaurus

abundant, battological, circumlocutory, copious, de trop, diffuse, diffusive, dispensable, duplicative, echoic, echoing, effusive, excess, excessive, expendable, expletive, extra, extravagant, exuberant, fecund, formless, gratuitous, gushing, gushy, imitative, in excess, inessential, iterative, long-winded, needless, nonessential, overflowing, parrotlike, pleonastic, prodigal, productive, profuse, profusive, prolific, prolix, recapitulative, reduplicative, reechoing, reiterant, reiterative, repeating, repetitional, repetitionary, repetitious, repetitive, roundabout, spare, superabundant, supererogatory, superfluous, supernumerary, surplus, tautologic, tautological, tautologous, teeming, to spare, uncalled-for, unessential, unnecessary, unneeded, unwanted, verbose, windy, wordy





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