Adjacent Words

Over definitions

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Webster's 1828 Dictionary

O'VER, prep. [L. super., Gr.]
1. Across; from side to side; implying a passing or moving either above the substance or thing, or on the surface of it. Thus we say, a dog leaps over a stream, or over a table; a boat sails over a lake.
2. Above in place or position; opposed to below; as the clouds over our heads. The smoke rises over the city.
The mercy-seat that is over the testimony. Exodus 30.
3. Above, denoting superiority in excellence, dignity or value; as the advantages which the christian world has over the heathen.
Young Pallas shone conspicuous o'er the rest.
4. Above in authority, implying the right or power of superintending or governing; opposed to under.
Thou shalt be over my house. Genesis 41.
I will make thee ruler over many things. Matthew 25.
5. Upon the surface or whole surface; through the whole extent; as, to wander over the earth; to walk over a field, or over a city.
6. Upon. Watch over your children.
Dost thou not watch over my sin? Job 14.
His tender mercies are over all his works. Psalms 145.
7. During the whole time; from beginning to end; as, to keep any thing over night; to keep corn over winter.
8. Above the top; covering; immersing; as, the water is over the shoes or boots.
Over night. In this phrase, over sometimes signifies before; as, when preparing for a journey, we provide things necessary over night.
Over, in poetry, is often contracted into o'er.
O'VER, adv.
1. From side to side; as a board a foot over; a tree a foot over, a foot in diameter.
2. On the opposite side. The boat is safe over.
3. From one to another by passing; as, to deliver over goods to another.
4. From one country to another by passing; as, to carry any thing over to France, or to bring any thing over to England.
5. On the surface.
6. Above the top.
Good measure, pressed down and shaken together, and running over, shall men give into your bosom. Luke 6.
7. More than the quantity assigned; beyond a limit.
He that gathered much had nothing over. Exodus 14.
8. Throughout; from beginning to end; completely; as, to read over a book; to argue a question over again.
Over and over, repeatedly; once and again.
And every night review'd it o'er and o'er.
Over again, once more; with repetition.
O kill not all my kindred o'er again.
Over and above, besides; beyond what is supposed or limited.
He gained, over and above, the good will of the people.
Over against, opposite; in front.
Over against this church stands a large hospital.
Over is used with rolling or turning from side to side; as, to turn over; to roll over.
1. To give over, to cease from; as, to give over an enterprize.
2. To consider as in a hopeless state; as, the physicians have given over their patient.
Over, in composition, denotes spreading, covering above; as in overcast, overflow; or across, as to overhear; or above, as to overhang; or turning, changing sides, as in overturn; or more generally beyond, implying excess or superiority, as in overact, overcome.
O'VER, a.
1. Past.
The Olympic games were over.
2. Upper; covering; as over-shoes; over-leather.

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2005)

adj
1: having come or been brought to a conclusion; "the harvesting was complete"; "the affair is over, ended, finished"; "the abruptly terminated interview" [syn: complete, concluded, ended, over, all over, terminated] n
1: (cricket) the division of play during which six balls are bowled at the batsman by one player from the other team from the same end of the pitch adv
1: at or to a point across intervening space etc.; "come over and see us some time"; "over there"
2: throughout an area; "he is known the world over"
3: throughout a period of time; "stay over the weekend" [syn: over, o'er]
4: beyond the top or upper surface or edge; forward from an upright position; "a roof that hangs over";
5: over the entire area; "the wallpaper was covered all over with flowers"; "she ached all over"; "everything was dusted over with a fine layer of soot" [syn: all over, over]

Merriam Webster's

I. adverb Etymology: Middle English, adverb & preposition, from Old English ofer; akin to Old High German ubar (preposition) above, beyond, over, Latin super, Greek hyper Date: before 12th century 1. a. across a barrier or intervening space; especially across the goal line in football b. forward beyond an edge or brink and often down <wandered too near the cliff and fell over> c. across the brim <soup boiled over> d. so as to bring the underside up <turned his cards over> e. from a vertical to a prone or inclined position <knocked the lamp over> f. from one person or side to another <hand it over> g. across <got his point over> h. to one's home <invite some friends over> i. on the other side of an intervening space <the next town over> j. to agreement or concord <won them over> 2. a. (1) beyond some quantity, limit, or norm often by a specified amount or to a specified degree <show ran a minute over> (2) in an excessive manner ; inordinately b. till a later time (as the next day) ; overnight <stay over> <sleep over> 3. a. above b. so as to cover the whole surface <windows boarded over> 4. — used on a two-way radio circuit to indicate that a message is complete and a reply is expected 5. a. through <read it over>; also in an intensive or comprehensive manner b. once more ; again <do it over> II. preposition Date: before 12th century 1. — used as a function word to indicate motion or situation in a position higher than or above another <towered over his mother> <flew over the lake> <rode over the old Roman road> 2. a. — used as a function word to indicate the possession of authority, power, or jurisdiction in regard to some thing or person <respected those over him> b. — used as a function word to indicate superiority, advantage, or preference <a big lead over the others> c. — used as a function word to indicate one that is overcome, circumvented, or disregarded <passed over the governor's veto> 3. a. more than <cost over $5> b. above 4 4. a. — used as a function word to indicate position upon or movement down upon <laid a blanket over the child> <hit him over the head> b. (1) all through or throughout <showed me over the house> <went over his notes> (2) — used as a function word connecting one mathematical set and another whose elements are coefficients or values of parameters used to form elements of the first set <polynomials over the field of real numbers> c. — used as a function word to indicate a particular medium or channel of communication <over the radio> 5. — used as a function word to indicate position on or motion to the other side or beyond <lives over the way> <fell over the edge> 6. a. throughout, during <over the past 25 years> b. until the end of <stay over Sunday> 7. a. — used as a function word to indicate an object of solicitude, interest, consideration, or reference <the Lord watches over his own> b. — used as a function word to indicate the object of an expressed or implied occupation, activity, or concern <trouble over money> <met with advisers over lunch> III. adjective Date: before 12th century 1. a. upper, higher b. outer, covering c. excessive <over imagination> 2. a. not used up ; remaining <something over to provide for unusual requirements — J. A. Todd> b. having or showing an excess or surplus 3. being at an end <the day is over> 4. fried on both sides <ordered two eggs over> IV. transitive verb (overed; overing) Date: 1837 to leap over

Oxford Reference Dictionary

adv., prep., n., & adj. --adv. expressing movement or position or state above or beyond something stated or implied: 1 outward and downward from a brink or from any erect position (knocked the man over). 2 so as to cover or touch a whole surface (paint it over). 3 so as to produce a fold, or reverse a position; with the effect of being upside down. 4 a across a street or other space (decided to cross over; came over from America). b for a visit etc. (invited them over last night). 5 with transference or change from one hand or part to another (went over to the enemy; swapped them over). 6 with motion above something; so as to pass across something (climb over; fly over; boil over). 7 from beginning to end with repetition or detailed concentration (think it over; did it six times over). 8 in excess; more than is right or required (left over). 9 for or until a later time (hold it over). 10 at an end; settled (the crisis is over; all is over between us). 11 (in full over to you) (as int.) (in radio conversations etc.) said to indicate that it is the other person's turn to speak. 12 (as int.) Cricket an umpire's call to change ends. --prep. 1 above, in, or to a position higher than; upon. 2 out and down from; down from the edge of (fell over the cliff). 3 so as to cover (a hat over his eyes). 4 above and across; so as to clear (flew over the North Pole; a bridge over the Thames). 5 concerning; engaged with; as a result of; while occupied with (laughed over a good joke; fell asleep over the newspaper). 6 a in superiority of; superior to; in charge of (a victory over the enemy; reign over three kingdoms). b in preference to. 7 divided by. 8 a throughout; covering the extent of (travelled over most of Africa; a blush spread over his face). b so as to deal with completely (went over the plans). 9 a for the duration of (stay over Saturday night). b at any point during the course of (I'll do it over the weekend). 10 beyond; more than (bids of over £50; are you over 18?). 11 transmitted by (heard it over the radio). 12 in comparison with (gained 20% over last year). 13 having recovered from (am now over my cold; will get over it in time). --n. Cricket 1 a sequence of balls (now usu. six), bowled from one end of the pitch. 2 play resulting from this (a maiden over). --adj. (see also OVER-). 1 upper, outer. 2 superior. 3 extra. Phrases and idioms: begin (or start etc.) over US begin again. get it over with do or undergo something unpleasant etc. so as to be rid of it. give over (usu. as int.) colloq. stop talking. not over not very; not at all (not over friendly). over again once again, again from the beginning. over against in an opposite situation to; adjacent to, in contrast with. over-age over a certain age limit. over all taken as a whole. over and above in addition to; not to mention (£100 over and above the asking price). over and over so that the same thing or the same point comes up again and again (said it over and over; rolled it over and over). over the fence Austral. & NZ sl. unreasonable; unfair; indecent. over one's head see HEAD. over the hill see HILL. over the moon see MOON. over-the-top colloq. (esp. of behaviour, dress, etc.) outrageous, excessive. over the way (in a street etc.) facing or opposite. Etymology: OE ofer f. Gmc

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Over O"ver, prep. [AS. ofer; akin to D. over, G. ["u]ber, OHG. ubir, ubar, Dan. over, Sw. ["o]fver, Icel. yfir, Goth. ufar, L. super, Gr. ?, Skr. upari. ?199. Cf. Above, Eaves, Hyper-, Orlop, Super-, Sovereign, Up.] 1. Above, or higher than, in place or position, with the idea of covering; -- opposed to under; as, clouds are over our heads; the smoke rises over the city. The mercy seat that is over the testimony. --Ex. xxx. 6. Over them gleamed far off the crimson banners of morning. --Longfellow. 2. Across; from side to side of; -- implying a passing or moving, either above the substance or thing, or on the surface of it; as, a dog leaps over a stream or a table. Certain lakes . . . poison birds which fly over them. --Bacon. 3. Upon the surface of, or the whole surface of; hither and thither upon; throughout the whole extent of; as, to wander over the earth; to walk over a field, or over a city. 4. Above; -- implying superiority in excellence, dignity, condition, or value; as, the advantages which the Christian world has over the heathen. --Swift. 5. Above in authority or station; -- implying government, direction, care, attention, guard, responsibility, etc.; -- opposed to under. Thou shalt be over my house. --Gen. xli. 40. I will make thee rules over many things. --Matt. xxv. 23. Dost thou not watch over my sin ? --Job xiv. 16. His tender mercies are over all his works. --Ps. cxlv. 9. 6. Across or during the time of; from beginning to end of; as, to keep anything over night; to keep corn over winter. 7. Above the perpendicular height or length of, with an idea of measurement; as, the water, or the depth of water, was over his head, over his shoes. 8. Beyond; in excess of; in addition to; more than; as, it cost over five dollars. ``Over all this.'' --Chaucer. 9. Above, implying superiority after a contest; in spite of; notwithstanding; as, he triumphed over difficulties; the bill was passed over the veto. Note: Over, in poetry, is often contracted into o'er. Note: Over his signature (or name) is a substitute for the idiomatic English form, under his signature (name, hand and seal, etc.), the reference in the latter form being to the authority under which the writing is made, executed, or published, and not the place of the autograph, etc. Over all (Her.), placed over or upon other bearings, and therefore hinding them in part; -- said of a charge. Over head and ears, beyond one's depth; completely; wholly; hopelessly; as, over head and ears in debt.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Over O"ver, adv. 1. From one side to another; from side to side; across; crosswise; as, a board, or a tree, a foot over, i. e., a foot in diameter. 2. From one person or place to another regarded as on the opposite side of a space or barrier; -- used with verbs of motion; as, to sail over to England; to hand over the money; to go over to the enemy. ``We will pass over to Gibeah.'' --Judges xix. 12. Also, with verbs of being: At, or on, the opposite side; as, the boat is over. 3. From beginning to end; throughout the course, extent, or expanse of anything; as, to look over accounts, or a stock of goods; a dress covered over with jewels. 4. From inside to outside, above or across the brim. Good measure, pressed down . . . and running over. --Luke vi. 38. 5. Beyond a limit; hence, in excessive degree or quantity; superfluously; with repetition; as, to do the whole work over. ``So over violent.'' --Dryden. He that gathered much had nothing over. --Ex. xvi. 18. 6. In a manner to bring the under side to or towards the top; as, to turn (one's self) over; to roll a stone over; to turn over the leaves; to tip over a cart. 7. At an end; beyond the limit of continuance; completed; finished. ``Their distress was over.'' --Macaulay. ``The feast was over.'' --Sir W. Scott. Note: Over, out, off, and similar adverbs, are often used in the predicate with the sense and force of adjectives, agreeing in this respect with the adverbs of place, here, there, everywhere, nowhere; as, the games were over; the play is over; the master was out; his hat is off. Note: Over is much used in composition, with the same significations that it has as a separate word; as in overcast, overflow, to cast or flow so as to spread over or cover; overhang, to hang above; overturn, to turn so as to bring the underside towards the top; overact, overreach, to act or reach beyond, implying excess or superiority. All over. (a) Over the whole; upon all parts; completely; as, he is spatterd with mud all over. (b) Wholly over; at an end; as, it is all over with him. Over again, once more; with repetition; afresh; anew. --Dryden. Over against, opposite; in front. --Addison. Over and above, in a manner, or degree, beyond what is supposed, defined, or usual; besides; in addition; as, not over and above well. ``He . . . gained, over and above, the good will of all people.'' --L' Estrange. Over and over, repeatedly; again and again. To boil over. See under Boil, v. i. To come it over, To do over, To give over, etc. See under Come, Do, Give, etc. To throw over, to abandon; to betray. Cf. To throw overboard, under Overboard.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Over O"ver, a. Upper; covering; higher; superior; also, excessive; too much or too great; -- chiefly used in composition; as, overshoes, overcoat, over-garment, overlord, overwork, overhaste.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Over O"ver, n. (Cricket) A certain number of balls (usually four) delivered successively from behind one wicket, after which the ball is bowled from behind the other wicket as many times, the fielders changing places.

Collin's Cobuild Dictionary

I. POSITION AND MOVEMENT Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English. Note: In addition to the uses shown below, 'over' is used after some verbs, nouns, and adjectives in order to introduce extra information. 'Over' is also used in phrasal verbs such as 'hand over' and 'glaze over'. 1. If one thing is over another thing or is moving over it, the first thing is directly above the second, either resting on it, or with a space between them. He looked at himself in the mirror over the table. ...a bridge over the river Danube. ? under PREP • Over is also an adverb. ...planes flying over every 10 or 15 minutes. ADV: ADV after v 2. If one thing is over another thing, it is supported by it and its ends are hanging down on each side of it. A grey mackintosh was folded over her arm... Joe's clothing was flung over the back of a chair. PREP: usu -ed PREP n 3. If one thing is over another thing, it covers part or all of it. Mix the ingredients and pour over the mushrooms... He was wearing a light-grey suit over a shirt... He pulled the cap halfway over his ears. PREP • Over is also an adverb. Heat this syrup and pour it over. ADV: ADV after v 4. If you lean over an object, you bend your body so that the top part of it is above the object. They stopped to lean over a gate... Everyone in the room was bent over her desk. PREP: v PREP n • Over is also an adverb. Sam leant over to open the door of the car. ADV: ADV after v 5. If you look over or talk over an object, you look or talk across the top of it. I went and stood beside him, looking over his shoulder. ...conversing over the fence with your friend... PREP: usu v PREP n 6. If a window has a view over an area of land or water, you can see the land or water through the window. ...a light and airy bar with a wonderful view over the River Amstel... = onto PREP: n PREP n, v PREP n 7. If someone or something goes over a barrier, obstacle, or boundary, they get to the other side of it by going across it, or across the top of it. I stepped over a broken piece of wood... He'd just come over the border. PREP: v PREP n • Over is also an adverb. I climbed over into the back seat. ADV: ADV after v 8. If someone or something moves over an area or surface, they move across it, from one side to the other. She ran swiftly over the lawn to the gate... Joe passed his hand over his face and looked puzzled. = across PREP 9. If something is on the opposite side of a road or river, you can say that it is over the road or river. ...a fashionable neighbourhood, just over the river from Manhattan. = across PREP 10. If you go over to a place, you go to that place. I got out the car and drove over to Dervaig... I thought you might have invited her over. ADV: ADV after v, oft ADV to n 11. You can use over to indicate a particular position or place a short distance away from someone or something. He noticed Rolfe standing silently over by the window... John reached over and took Joanna's hand... ADV: ADV after v, oft ADV prep 12. You use over to say that someone or something falls towards or onto the ground, often suddenly or violently. He was knocked over by a bus and broke his leg... The truck had gone off the road and toppled over. ADV: ADV after v 13. If something rolls over or is turned over, its position changes so that the part that was facing upwards is now facing downwards. His car rolled over after a tyre was punctured... The alarm did go off but all I did was yawn, turn over and go back to sleep. ADV: ADV after v 14. All over a place means in every part of it. ...the letters she received from people all over the world. PREP-PHRASE 15. Over here means near you, or in the country you are in. Why don't you come over here tomorrow evening... PHRASE: usu PHR after v, v-link PHR 16. Over there means in a place a short distance away from you, or in another country. The cafe is just across the road over there... She'd married some American and settled down over there. PHRASE: usu PHR after v, v-link PHR II. AMOUNTS AND OCCURRENCES Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English. 1. If something is over a particular amount, measurement, or age, it is more than that amount, measurement, or age. Cigarettes kill over a hundred thousand Britons every year... I met George well over a year ago. PREP: PREP amount • Over is also an adverb. ...people aged 65 and over. ADV: amount and ADV 2. Over and above an amount, especially a normal amount, means more than that amount or in addition to it. Expenditure on education has gone up by seven point eight per cent over and above inflation... PREP-PHRASE 3. If you say that you have some food or money over, you mean that it remains after you have used all that you need. Larsons pay me well enough, but there's not much over for luxuries when there's two of you to live on it... Primrose was given an apple, left over from our picnic lunch. ADV: be ADV, n ADV, ADV after v 4. If you do something over, you do it again or start doing it again from the beginning. (AM) She said if she had the chance to do it over, she would have hired a press secretary... = again ADV: ADV after v 5. If you say that something happened twice over, three times over and so on, you are stating the number of times that it happened and emphasizing that it happened more than once. He had to have everything spelled out twice over for him. PHRASE: PHR after v [emphasis] 6. If you do something over again, you do it again or start doing it again from the beginning. (BRIT) If I was living my life over again I wouldn't have attended so many committee meetings. PHRASE: PHR after v 7. If you say that something is happening all over again, you are emphasizing that it is happening again, and you are suggesting that it is tiring, boring, or unpleasant. The whole process started all over again... He had to prove himself all over again. PHRASE: PHR after v [emphasis] 8. If you say that something happened over and over or over and over again, you are emphasizing that it happened many times. He plays the same songs over and over... 'I don't understand it,' he said, over and over again. PHRASE: PHR after v [emphasis] III. OTHER USES Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English. 1. If an activity is over or all over, it is completely finished. Warplanes that have landed there will be kept until the war is over... I am glad it's all over. ADJ: v-link ADJ 2. If you are over an illness or an experience, it has finished and you have recovered from its effects. I'm glad that you're over the flu... She was still getting over the shock of what she had been told. PREP 3. If you have control or influence over someone or something, you are able to control them or influence them. He's never had any influence over her... The oil companies have lost their power over oil price and oil production. PREP: n PREP n 4. You use over to indicate what a disagreement or feeling relates to or is caused by. ...concern over recent events in Burma... Staff at some air and sea ports are beginning to protest over pay... = about PREP: n PREP n, v PREP n 5. If something happens over a particular period of time or over something such as a meal, it happens during that time or during the meal. Many strikes over the last few years have not ended successfully... Over breakfast we discussed plans for the day. ...discussing the problem over a glass of wine. PREP 6. You use over to indicate that you give or receive information using a telephone, radio, or other piece of electrical equipment. I'm not prepared to discuss this over the telephone... The head of state addressed the nation over the radio... = on PREP 7. The presenter of a radio or television programme says 'over to someone' to indicate the person who will speak next. With the rest of the sports news, over to Colin Maitland. PREP-PHRASE 8. When people such as the police or the army are using a radio to communicate, they say 'Over' to indicate that they have finished speaking and are waiting for a reply. CONVENTION [formulae] 9. In cricket, an over consists of six correctly bowled balls. At the start of the last over, bowled by Chris Lewis, the Welsh county were favourites. N-COUNT

Soule's Dictionary of English Synonyms

I. prep. 1. Above. 2. Across, athwart, from one side of to the other. 3. Throughout, through, through the whole extent of. 4. More than, upward of. 5. Covering, immersing. II. ad. 1. Above the top. 2. Across, athwart, transversely, from one side to the other. 3. From one to another, from hand to hand. 4. Besides, to boot, in addition, into the bargain, in excess. 5. Throughout, completely, from beginning to end. 6. Past, by. 7. Excessively, extremely, very, too. III. a. 1. Covering, outer, upper. 2. Superior.

Moby Thesaurus

SOL, a cut above, above, above and beyond, abovestairs, across, additionally, afresh, again, ago, ahead, airward, all about, all bets off, all included, all off, all over, all through, all up, aloft, aloof, also, altogether, among other things, and all, and also, and so, anew, antiquated, antique, around, as a bonus, as well, ascendant, at about, at an end, athwart, au reste, away, backwards, beside, besides, better, beyond, bis, blown over, bottom side up, bottom up, by, by way of, bygone, bypast, canceled, capping, chosen, closed, complete, concluded, contrarily, contrariwise, conversely, da capo, dated, de novo, dead, dead and buried, deceased, decided, defunct, deleted, departed, distinguished, ditto, done, done for, done with, down, durante, during, eclipsing, elapsed, else, eminent, en plus, encore, ended, exceeding, excellent, excelling, excessively, exorbitantly, expired, expunged, exterior, external, extinct, extra, extremely, farther, finer, fini, finished, for, for lagniappe, forgotten, from the beginning, further, furthermore, gone, gone glimmering, gone-by, greater, has-been, head over heels, heels over head, high, high up, higher, highest, hurdle, immensely, immoderately, in addition, in ascendancy, in excess of, in the air, in the ascendant, in the clouds, inordinately, intemperately, inter alia, into the bargain, inversely, irrecoverable, item, kaput, lapsed, leap, left, leftover, likewise, major, marked, more, moreover, negotiate, net, no more, obsolete, odd, of choice, off, on, on high, on stilts, on the peak, on the side, on tiptoe, on top of, once again, once more, one up on, onto, outrageously, outside, outstanding, outward, over again, over and above, overfull, overhead, overleap, overly, overlying, overmuch, overplus, overweeningly, passe, passed, passed away, passing by, passing through, past, pending, perfected, plus, rare, remaining, remanent, rivaling, round, round about, run out, set at rest, settled, shot, similarly, skyward, spare, straight up, super, superfluous, superincumbent, superior, supernumerary, surmount, surpassing, surplus, surviving, terminated, then, therewith, through, through with, throughout, tiptoe, to, to boot, to spare, to the zenith, too, too much, too-too, topping, topsy-turvy, transcendent, transcendental, transcending, transversely, turned around, twice over, two times, unconscionably, unconsumed, unduly, unreasonably, unused, up, upmost, upon, upper, uppermost, upside down, upstairs, upward, upwards, upwards of, vanished, vault, via, vice versa, washed up, wiped out, wound up, yet, zapped