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Arithmetic definitions

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Webster's 1828 Dictionary

ARITH'METIC, n. [Gr. to number, the art of numbering, from number; from number, rhythm, order, agreement.]
The science of numbers, or the art of computation. The various operations of arithmetic are performed by addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2005)

adj
1: relating to or involving arithmetic; "arithmetical computations" [syn: arithmetical, arithmetic] n
1: the branch of pure mathematics dealing with the theory of numerical calculations

Merriam Webster's

noun Etymology: Middle English arsmetrik, from Anglo-French arismatike, from Latin arithmetica, from Greek arithm?tik?, from feminine of arithm?tikos arithmetical, from arithmein to count, from arithmos number; akin to Old English r?m number, and perhaps to Greek arariskein to fit Date: 15th century 1. a. a branch of mathematics that deals usually with the nonnegative real numbers including sometimes the transfinite cardinals and with the application of the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to them b. a treatise on arithmetic 2. computation, calculation • arithmetic or arithmetical adjective • arithmetically adverb • arithmetician noun

Oxford Reference Dictionary

n. & adj. --n. 1 a the science of numbers. b one's knowledge of this (have improved my arithmetic). 2 the use of numbers; computation (a problem involving arithmetic). --adj. (also arithmetical) of or concerning arithmetic. Phrases and idioms: arithmetic mean the central number in an arithmetic progression. arithmetic progression 1 an increase or decrease by a constant quantity (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., 9, 7, 5, 3, etc.). 2 a sequence of numbers showing this. Derivatives: arithmetician n. Etymology: ME f. OF arismetique f. L arithmetica f. Gk arithmetike (tekhne) art of counting f. arithmos number

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Sexagesimal Sex`a*ges"i*mal, a. [Cf. F. sexag['e]simal.] Pertaining to, or founded on, the number sixty. Sexagesimal fractions or numbers (Arith. & Alg.), those fractions whose denominators are some power of sixty; as, 1/60, 1/3600, 1/216000; -- called also astronomical fractions, because formerly there were no others used in astronomical calculations. Sexagesimal, or Sexagenary, arithmetic, the method of computing by the sexagenary scale, or by sixties. Sexagesimal scale (Math.), the sexagenary scale.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Arithmetic A*rith"me*tic, n. [OE. arsmetike, OF. arismetique, L. arithmetica, fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?), fr. ? arithmetical, fr. ? to number, fr. ? number, prob. fr. same root as E. arm, the idea of counting coming from that of fitting, attaching. See Arm. The modern Eng. and French forms are accommodated to the Greek.] 1. The science of numbers; the art of computation by figures. 2. A book containing the principles of this science. Arithmetic of sines, trigonometry. Political arithmetic, the application of the science of numbers to problems in civil government, political economy, and social science. Universal arithmetic, the name given by Sir Isaac Newton to algebra.

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

Mathematics Math`e*mat"ics, n. [F. math['e]matiques, pl., L. mathematica, sing., Gr. ? (sc. ?) science. See Mathematic, and -ics.] That science, or class of sciences, which treats of the exact relations existing between quantities or magnitudes, and of the methods by which, in accordance with these relations, quantities sought are deducible from other quantities known or supposed; the science of spatial and quantitative relations. Note: Mathematics embraces three departments, namely: 1. Arithmetic. 2. Geometry, including Trigonometry and Conic Sections. 3. Analysis, in which letters are used, including Algebra, Analytical Geometry, and Calculus. Each of these divisions is divided into pure or abstract, which considers magnitude or quantity abstractly, without relation to matter; and mixed or applied, which treats of magnitude as subsisting in material bodies, and is consequently interwoven with physical considerations.

Collin's Cobuild Dictionary

1. Arithmetic is the part of mathematics that is concerned with the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of numbers. ...an arithmetic test. 2. You can use arithmetic to refer to the process of doing a particular sum or calculation. 4,000 women put in ten rupees each, which if my arithmetic is right adds up to 40,000 rupees. N-UNCOUNT: oft poss N 3. If you refer to the arithmetic of a situation, you are concerned with those aspects of it that can be expressed in numbers, and how they affect the situation. The budgetary arithmetic suggests that government borrowing is set to surge... N-UNCOUNT: usu the N 4. Arithmetic means relating to or consisting of calculations involving numbers. ...a processor which performs simple arithmetic operations such as adding or multiplying numbers. ADJ: ADJ n

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a-rith'-me-tik. See NUMBER.

Soule's Dictionary of English Synonyms

n. Science of numbers, art of computation.

Moby Thesaurus

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